Hypothalamo-Pituitary axis and puberty

Puberty is a complex process that culminates in the acquisition of psychophysical maturity and reproductive capacity. This elaborate fascinating marks end childhood. Behind it lies complex, genetically mediated neuroendocrine mechanism through which gonads are activated thanks to fine balance between central inhibitory stimulating neuromodulators hormones with both peripheral action. The onset puberty involves reactivation hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, supported by initial “kiss” kisspeptin hypothalamic neurons secrete GnRH (the “pulse generator”). pulsatile production followed rise LH and, consequently, gonadal steroids. varies naturally individuals, especially males females, latter whom typically earlier. However, pathological variations, namely precocious delayed puberty, also possible. article reviews scientific literature on physiological mechanisms main pathophysiological aspects its onset.